Concertação global do capital transnacional e o novo imperialismo:

um olhar sobre as geoestratégias ambientais na virada do milênio

Abstract

In the wake of the transformations triggered by the processes of financialization and globalization of capital — developments that gained momentum especially from the last quarter of the 20th century onward — and the structuring of what we refer to here as the global concertation of transnational capital, we seek to shed light on two movements that unfold from this broader scenario and pertain to the capture of surpluses based on accumulation by dispossession: (i) the pursuit of resource conservation as biological reserves of future value; and (ii) the intensification and expansion of land exploitation, natural resources, and consequently, labor. In the first case, we highlight the role of major international conservationist NGOs tied to imperialist interests and the proliferation of multilateral environmental preservation agreements, with their direct implications for national economies. In the second, what stands out ranges from the productivity gains of the so-called Green Revolution beginning in the 1970s to the reorganization of dependent economies toward primary-export specialization, in the neo-extractivist wave that gains strength from the 2000s onward. In both lines of analysis, our focus is built upon a study related to the insertion — or instrumentalization— of the Brazilian Amazon within the described dynamics.