As origens da controvérsia da revolução brasileira: um debate entre Octavio Brandão, Mario Pedrosa e Lívio Xavier

Abstract

In this article I argue that the controversy over the Brazilian revolution originates under the influence of the Russian Revolution and the political and economic crisis that marks the disruption of the First Republic. This debate begins with two formulations: the interpretation of Octavio Brandão, political formulator of the Brazilian Communist Party, centered on the dichotomy of agrarianism and industrialism, and on the petty-bourgeois democratic characterization of the Brazilian revolution; and that of Mario Pedrosa and Lívio Xavier, political formulators of the trotskyist tendency Lenin Communist Group, characterizing Brazilian development as a capitalist process and the Brazilian revolution as a socialist. In the midst of the practical dispute over the political leadership of workers in the First Republic, the first theories about the development of Brazilian social-economic formation in Marxist terms also take place.