Systematizing Resource Nationalism in the literature from a review of oil studies
definition, causes and consequences
Keywords:
Resource Nationalism, state, natural resources, oilAbstract
The article aims to systematize the literature on Resource Nationalism (RN) within the dimension of oil studies. The phenomenon is understood as the increase of the power undertaken by the state in the management, exploitation and development of natural resources. From a methodological point of view, the fundamental aim is to develop and systematize the main contributions, specifying the debate on basic elements, such as definition, causes and consequences of the phenomenon. Subsequently, it is proposed a critical survey of what was presented, in order to propose new theoretical foundations. It is concluded that the approaches to RN are heterogeneous, and can be organized into three categories: i) interpretations that are based on liberal assumptions; ii) contributions from bargain models; and iii) contributions that emphasize political and institutional determinants. Furthermore, the article proposes two elements to support the analysis of the phenomenon: the incorporation of the theory of conventions and the proposition of the idea of embedded autonomy.
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